What is a flipped classroom? A flipped classroom is an instructional strategy. “Flipping” a classroom entails switching up the usual model through which students encounter new knowledge. In a flipped classroom, students have required reading or lecture videos before the class meets, and then class time is used for discussions, problem-solving, or other kinds of […]
TPACK: Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Framework
What is TPACK? Technology has become an increasingly important part of students’ lives beyond school, and even within the classroom it can also help increase their understanding of complex concepts or encourage collaboration among peers. Because of these benefits, current educational practice suggests that teachers implement some form of technology in their classrooms – but […]
ADDIE Model: Instructional Design
For many years now, educators and instructional designers alike have used the ADDIE Instructional Design (ID) method as a framework in designing and developing educational and training programs. “ADDIE” stands for Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. This sequence, however, does not impose a strict linear progression through the steps. Educators, instructional designers and training […]
The Gerlach and Ely Design Model
The effectiveness of the Gerlach & Ely model of instruction, first introduced in 1971, has proven its value in the intervening decades. Designed by Vernom S. Gerlach and Donald P. Ely, this model “has stood the test of time” and continues to serve “classroom teachers well.” (Ely, as cited in Grabowski & Branch, 2003). Incorporating […]
Kirkpatrick Model: Four Levels of Learning Evaluation
The Kirkpatrick Model is probably the best known model for analyzing and evaluating the results of training and educational programs. It takes into account any style of training, both informal or formal, to determine aptitude based on four levels criteria. Level 1 Reaction measures how participants react to the training (e.g., satisfaction?). Level 2 Learning analyzes […]
Kemp Design Model
This article describes the Kemp Instructional Design Model (also referred to as the “Morrison, Ross, and Kemp Model”), and also seeks to offer insight into some of the potential advantages of utilizing this framework. Incorporating a variety of approaches from a multiplicity of disciplines (Morrison et al., 2010), this model represents an innovative approach to […]
Instructional Design Models and Theories
An instructional design model provides guidelines to organize appropriate pedagogical scenarios to achieve instructional goals. Instructional design can be defined as the practice of creating instructional experiences to help facilitate learning most effectively. Driscoll & Carliner (2005) states that “ design is more than a process; that process, and resulting product, represent a framework of thinking” (p. 9). Instructional design models describe […]
Dick and Carey Instructional Model
Instructional models can vary widely. While some may focus on how to make the lesson plans and others focus on the delivery of the content itself, the Dick and Carey instructional design model (also known as the Systems Approach Model) is one of the former. Despite the seemingly complicated diagrams that pop up when searching […]
ASSURE: Instructional Design Model
ASSURE is an instructional design model that has the goal of producing more effective teaching and learning. “ASSURE” is an acronym that stands for the various steps in the model. The following is a breakdown of each step. See also: ADDIE Model Dick and Carey Model Instructional Design Models and Theories A – Analyze Learners […]